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Management processes: are the processes that govern the operation of an organisationorganization.
Typical management processes include "corporate governance" and "strategic management".Operational processes: constitute the core business and create the primary value stream.
Typical operational processes are purchasing, manufacturing, advertising, marketing, and sales.Supporting processes: are those which support the core processes.
Examples include accounting, recruitment, call centrecenter, and technical support.
A business process starts with a well-defined business objective and ends (ideally) with achieving that outcome. A complex process can be further broken down into several sub-processes, and each of which has its own attributes and contributes to achieving the overall goal.
The analysis of business processes typically includes the mapping of processes and sub-processes down to the activity level, across the entire organisationorganization. Having a comprehensive view of all business activities and how they’re related and executed provides the perfect opportunity for business optimisationoptimization.
Business processes are designed to produce value for the customer and (ideally) shouldn’t include any unnecessary activities. The outcome of a well-designed and optimised optimized business process is twofold: increased effectiveness (higher value for the customer) and increased efficiency (lower cost for the organisationorganization).
A business process can be seen as a sequence of activities with interleaving decision points, easily visualised visualized by using a flowchart. Likewise, a process can be thought of as a sequence of activities with relevant rules, evaluated based on data in the process itself, better represented using a process matrix (table).
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Process chain
Process-oriented organisations organizations seek to remove the barriers of rigid structural departments and attempt to avoid functional silos in pursuit of business agility, streamlining operations and increasing productivity.
Business processes are designed to be operated by one or more functional business units within an organisation organization and emphasise emphasize the importance of the value chain rather than the partial value contributed by individual units. The produced business value is only realised realized when the process ends successfully, not upon completion of intermediary stages. Here, the whole is truly greater than the sum of its parts.
Independently of how we represent it, a business process usually contains a set of sequential tasks or sub-processes, each with alternative paths depending on certain conditions, performed to achieve a given objective or produce an expected output. Additionally, each process or sub-process requires some form of input. The input may be received from and the output may be sent to other business processes, other organisational organizational units, and internal or external stakeholders (e.g. customers).
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